00Technology
From a single cell to a dispatched megawatt: the anatomy, the design criteria, the management stack and the economics, in one place.
An electrochemical cell is the unit of energy. Its chemistry sets energy density, safe operating window and cycle life; everything above it exists to keep thousands of cells inside that window. Block, Power, Spike and Core Mini run on LFP, the proven baseline. Core 250, Core 2000 and Vault 5000 step up to semi-solid cells instead — our platform choice for higher capacity retention over the system's life, superior safety against thermal runaway, and a lower total cost of ownership from slower degradation and fewer replacements.
CHEMISTRY: LFP (Block, Power, Spike, Core Mini) · Semi-solid (Core 250, Core 2000, Vault 5000) · SETS: energy density · thermal window · cycle life
Cells are grouped into modules with sensing on every group: voltage, current and temperature. The module is the smallest replaceable unit, which is what makes field service and augmentation practical.
SENSING per group · replaceable unit · balancing hardware
Modules stack into racks; racks into cabinets or containers with cooling, suppression and access engineered together. This is where IP ratings, corrosion class and noise limits are won or lost.
IP55 · C4 · ≤ 65 dB @ 1 m (Core Mini class)
The power conversion system moves energy between DC cells and AC loads in both directions. Its ratings set what the system can do in a fault: 150% overload for 10 seconds, transfer in ≤ 20 ms.
DC↔AC · 97.8% max eff · overload 150% / 10 s · ≤ 20 ms transfer
The BMS protects cells through limits, balancing and isolation on fault. The EMS earns the money by deciding when to charge and discharge against tariff, solar and load. One protects the asset; the other runs the business case.
BMS: protection · balancing · isolation / EMS: dispatch · tariff logic · API
The final layer matches the system to your connection and the grid code that governs it. Compliance is a spec line here, not a promise: IEC 62109/62477, EN 50549, VDE 4105/4110, AS4777, G99/G100.
GRID CODES: IEC · EN · VDE · AS · G99/G100
The EMS runs the dispatch plan from the sizing study in production: charge in off-peak windows or on solar surplus, discharge into peaks, respect demand limits. Modbus TCP and API dispatch make it a citizen of your plant, not a black box.
Per-group sensing feeds limits that are enforced, not advisory: current derating at temperature extremes, balancing across modules, isolation on cell fault. Cycle life is a BMS outcome as much as a chemistry one.
Protection coordination through DC and AC sides, insulation monitoring, and compliance to IEC 62109/62477 so the system fails predictably and the paperwork for your connection closes.
Aerosol suppression with smoke and temperature detection as standard; layout and venting designed so a cell event stays a cell event. For critical loads, N+1 block design keeps the site up through maintenance or a fault.
HVAC-cooled cabinets hold cells in their efficiency window from −30 °C to 50 °C. Cooling design is a lifetime decision: every degree of sustained excursion is cycle life you don't get back.
The PKE Solution Configurator turns your bills, tariff and load data into energy intelligence — and that intelligence, not a product catalog, is what right-sizes your battery: the power rating, the energy rating, and the family that actually fits.
Utility settlement files, interval meter data and your ToD tariff schedule are ingested and reconciled, drawal against injection, so the configurator starts from what the meter actually recorded, not a nameplate assumption.
Peak amplitude sizes kVA; peak duration sizes kWh. The configurator decouples the two so a system doesn't end up over-powered and under-stored, or the reverse, before it ever touches a catalog.
Sized power and energy requirements are matched to a product family and configuration — the catalog is applied only after the engineering says which family actually fits.
The recommended configuration is run against your real ToD tariff with 88% round-trip losses and degradation applied, producing payback and IRR — the savings the meter will actually record.
Payback, IRR, and the recommended family and configuration are assembled into a single proposal, sized to your site and your tariff, not a generic brochure figure.
Net value = peak rate − off-peak rate ÷ 0.88 RTE. Excludes demand-charge savings, which usually add to this.
A sizing study turns this page into your numbers.
